进口调节阀如何选型
阅读:211发布时间:2012-12-14
进口调节阀如何选型
选择进口调节阀时,首先要收集完整的工艺流体的物理特性参数与调节阀的工作条件,主要流体的成份、温度、密度、粘度、正常流量、zui大流量、zui小流量、zui大流量与zui小流量下的进出口压力、zui大压差等。而在技术方面主要掌握和确定调节阀本身的结构、流量特性、额定流量系数Kv值、口径大小、工艺允许压差计算及执行机构的选择、材料和安装等方面的内容。
选择进口调节阀时一般应遵循的原则有如下几点。一、首先从动力源来选择,美国威盾VTON根据方便和反应速度的要求来选择用什么驱动方式的调节阀,主要有进口电动调节阀,进口气动调节阀,进口自力式调节阀。二调节阀的结构型式:应能满足介质温度、压力、流动性、流向、调节范围以及严密性的要求。按结构分类主要有进口单座调节阀,进口双座调节阀,进口套筒调节阀。三、调节阀的流量特性:应能满足系统特性进行合理的补偿。调节阀的流量特性是指介质流过阀的相对流量与阀杆相对位移间的关系,数学表达式如下:Q/Qmax=f(l/L),式中Q/Qmax为相对流量,为调节阀在某一开度时流量Q与全开流量Qmax之比;l/L为相对位移,调节阀在某一开度时阀芯位移l与全开位移L之比。选择的总体原则是调节阀的流量特性应与调节对象特性及调节器特性相反,这样可使调节系统的综合特性接近于线性。选择流量特性通常在工艺系统要求下进行,但是还要考虑下述实际情况。1、直线性流量特性适用范围:①差压变化小,几乎恒定;②工艺流程的主要参数的变化呈线性;③系统压力损失大部分分配在调节阀上(改变开度,阀上差压变化相对较小);④外部干扰小,给定值变化小,可调范围要求小。2、等百分比特性适用范围:①实际可调范围大;②开度变化,阀上差压变化相对较大;③管道系统压力损失大;④工艺系统负荷大幅度波动;⑤调节阀经常在小开度下运行。3、除了以上两种常用的流量特性之外,还有抛物线特性和快开特性等其他流量特性的调节阀。四调节阀的口径:应能满足工艺上对流量的要求。有进口大口径调节阀,进口小口径调节阀。根据已知的流体条件,计算出必要的Kv值,选取合适的调节阀口径。
ControlvalveselectionandcommonsenseSelectthecontrolvalve,thefirstcompletecollectionofthephysicalcharacteristicsoftheprocessfluidcontrolvalveparametersandoperatingconditions,themainfluidcomposition,temperature,density,viscosity,normalflow,maximumflow,minimumflow,maximumflowandminimumflowrateimportandexportpressure,maximumpressureandsoon.Inthetechnicalaspectsofthemaincontrolvalveitselfanddeterminethestructure,flowcharacteristics,theratedflowcoefficientKvvalue,aperturesize,technologyallowsthecalculationofpressureandactuatorselection,materialsandinstallationaspects.Selectthecontrolvalvewhenthegeneralprinciplestobefollowedarethefollowing.Avalvestructuretype:shouldbeabletomeetthemediumtemperature,pressure,flow,flow,adjustthescopeandrigoroftherequirements.Twovalveflowcharacteristics:thesystemshouldbeabletomeetthecharacteristicsofreasonablecompensation.Controlvalveflowcharacteristicsisthemediumflowthroughthevalvestemrelativetoflowandtherelationshipbetweentherelativedisplacement,mathematicalexpressionsareasfollows:Q/Qmax=f(l/L),whereQ/Qmaxfortherelativeflowrate,asadjustedWhenopeningthevalveataflowrateQandtheratiooffull-flowQmax;l/Lfortherelativedisplacementofthevalvewhenthevalveopeninginadisplacementlandtheratiooffull-shiftL.Theoverallprincipleistheselectioncontrolvalveregulatingtheflowcharacteristicsshouldbetheobjectcharacteristicsandregulatorfeaturesthecontrary,itwillgiveacomprehensivecontrolsystemfeaturesclosetolinear.Selecttheflowcharacteristicsintheprocessisusuallycarriedoutunderthesystemrequirements,butalsoconsiderthefollowingfacts.1,thelinearflowcharacteristicsofthescopeofapplication:①pressurechangeissmall,almostconstant;②Themainprocessparameterchangeslinearly;③lossofmostofthedistribut*tempressurecontrolvalveonthe(changeinopeningthevalveonthepressurechangeisrelativelysmall);④externalinterference,giventhevalueofsmallchanges,smalladjustablerangeofrequirements.2,thepercentageofpropertiessuchasthescopeofapplication:①actualadjustablerange;②openingchange,relativelylargechangesindifferentialpressurevalve;③largepipingsystempressureloss;④processsystemloadfluctuations;⑤valveofteninsmallopeningrun.3,inadditiontotheabovetwocommonflowcharacteristics,thereareparabolicfeaturesandotherfeaturesquickopeningflowcharacteristicsofcontrolvalve.Threevalvediameter:shouldbeabletomeetthetechnicalrequirementsonthetraffic.Accordingtotheknownfluidconditions,necessarytocalculatetheKvvalue,selecttheappropriatevalvediameter.