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PLC梯形图经验设计法的要点的编程步骤
1.PLC梯形图经验设计法的要点
①PLC的编程,从梯形图来看,其根本点是找出系统中符合控制要求的各个输出的工作条件,这些条件又总是用编程元件按一定的逻辑关系进行组合来实现的。
②梯形图的基本模式为启—保—停电路。每个启—保—停电路一般只针对一个输出,这个输出可以是系统的实际输出,也可以是中间变量。
③梯形图编程中有一些约定俗成的基本环节,它们都有一定的功能,可以像摆积木一样在许多地方应用。
2.“PLC梯形图经验法”编程步骤
① 在准确了解控制要求后,合理地为控制系统中的事件分配输入输出口。选择必要的机内编程元件,如定时器、计数器、辅助继电器。
② 对于一些控制要求较简单的输出,可直接写出它们的工作条件,依启—保—停电路模式完成相关的梯形图支路。工作条件稍复杂的可借助辅助继电器(如例5中小车前进部分的 M100、M101及M102)。
③ 对于较复杂的控制要求,为了能用启—保—停电路模式绘出各输出口的梯形图,要正确分析控制要求,并确定组成总的控制要求的关键点。在空间类逻辑为主的控制中关键点为影响控制状态的点,(如抢答器例中主持人是否宣布开始,答题是否到时等)，在时间类逻辑为主的控制中(如交通灯),关键点为控制状态转换的时间。
④ 将关键点用梯形图表达出来。关键点总是用编程元件来表达的,在安排编程元件时需要合理。绘关键点的梯形图时,可以使用常见的基本环节,如定时器计时环节、振荡环节、分频环节等。
⑤ 在完成关键点梯形图的基础上,针对系统zui终的输出进行梯形图的编绘。使用关键点综合出zui终输出的控制要求。
⑥ 审查草图,补充遗漏的功能,更正错误,进行zui后的完善。
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